S.A. SEMENOV, G.R. KHASANOVA

Kazan State Medical University, Kazan

 Contact details:

Semenov S.A. — post-graduate student of the Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine

Address: 6/30 Tolstoy St., Russian Federation, Kazan, 420000, tel.: +7-919-679-40-47, e-mail: sergejsemenov596@gmail.com

Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for a wide range of human diseases, often with a severe course and prognosis. The growing resistance of pneumococci to certain classes of antibiotics limits the treatment of pneumococcal infections. The study of factors that influence the formation of antibiotic resistance of the pathogen is important for developing a strategy to counter this phenomenon and for predicting the presence of microbial resistance in a particular patient when choosing a drug for empirical therapy. This review presents the results of studies of some potential risk factors for the formation of Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance to antibiotics. The most important of these is the previous administration of antibiotics, especially in the last few months. Previous diseases, previous hospitalization, and the nosocomial nature of pneumonia are also considered as factors that allow predicting the colonization of loci by antibiotic-resistant strains of pneumococci. Staying at long-term care facilities and attending organized groups (schools and kindergartens) may also increase the risk of colonization of the respiratory tract by antibiotic-resistant strains of pneumococci. The frequency of isolation of pneumococcus strains insensitive to certain antibiotics is also characterized by wide geographical variability.

Key words: Streptococcus pneumoniae, factors of antibiotic resistance, pneumococcus, treatment with antibiotics.

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