O.I. PIKUZA, R.A. FAYZULLINA, A. M. ZAKIROVA, E.A. SAMORODNOVA

Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kazan

 Contact details:

Zakirova A.M. — PhD (medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Propedeutics of Childhood Diseases and Faculty Pediatrics

Address: 49 Butlerov St., Kazan, Russian Federation, 420012, tel.: +7-9270-33-93-41, e-mail: azakirova@gmail.com

 The purpose of the work is to analyze the modern screening diagnostic tests used in the outpatient practice of a pediatrician in conjunction with classical diagnostic methods. To assess the significance of screening diagnostic tests in a differentiated approach to therapy and health improvement of children, in order to reduce the unjustified prescription of antibacterial drugs. To highlight the main advantages of screening diagnostic tests. To determine the scope of their application in outpatient practice. To characterize the available modern screening approaches in the work of a pediatrician.

Results. In recent years, medicine is increasingly interested in the issues of introducing rapid diagnostic tests into the outpatient practice of a pediatrician. The speed of obtaining a reliable result when using rapid tests makes them the optimal tool for mass screening, since the sensitivity of rapid tests reaches 95% and the specificity is almost 100%. The obtained test results allow a district pediatrician to quickly make a decision on early diagnosis and therapeutic tactics in an urgent situation. Accessibility of use, minimal training and the ability to visually evaluate the results significantly reduce the number of errors at the preanalytical phase.

Conclusion. This methodological approach is undoubtedly valuable in the work of pediatricians, especially in an outpatient network. Their active implementation into everyday practice makes it possible to predict the course of the disease at the earliest stages of its development and to differentiate the appointment of therapy in each personified case.

Key words: children, rapid diagnostic tests, practice of a pediatrician.

REFERENCES

1. Kishkun A.A. Diagnostika neotlozhnykh sostoyaniy [Diagnostics of emergency conditions]. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2019. 736 p., available at: https://www.rosmedlib.ru/book/ISBN9785970450574.html
2. Sharova I.N., Krasovskaya T.Yu., Kazorina E.V., Kazantsev A.V., Proskuryakova M.V., Kuklev V.E., Shcherbakova S.A., Kutyrev V.V., Adilov R.I., Bulycheva E.V., Troitskaya A.A., Agapov B.L., Akimova I.S., Balgan O.L., Chumakova N.A., Tkachenko V.A., Glushkov E.A., Rozhdestvenskiy E.N., Bazarova G.Kh., Mishchenko A.I., Mukhturgin G.B. Experience and prospects of using mobile laboratories for epidemiological surveillance of plague, other especially dangerous, natural focal, zoonotic infectious diseases. Problemy osobo opasnykh infektsiy, 2020, no. 4, pp. 26–33 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.21055/0370-1069-2020-4-26-33
3. Parsons A., Matero P., Adams M., Yeh K.B. Examiningthe utility and readiness of mobile and field transportable laboratoriesfor biodefence and global health security-related purposes. Global Security: Health, Science and Policy, 2018, vol. 3 (1), rr. 1–13. DOI:10.1080/23779497.2018.1480403
4. Nikitina V.V., Murylev V.Yu., Rotanov D.K., Chernova A.S., Tatko E.A. The value of express methods of laboratory diagnostics in the development of emergency situations. Nauchnyy al’manakh, 2021, vol. 2-1, no. 76, pp. 53–56 (in Russ.), available at: https://ukonf.com/naISSN 2411-7609 ScienceAlmanac
5. Fisun A.Ya., Yakovlev S.V. State and main directions of improvement of the Disaster Medicine Service of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Meditsina katastrof, 2016, no. 4, pp. 9–15 (in Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 27487058.
6. Solov’ev O.N., Voroshilov N.A. Development of laboratory express diagnostics and POCT technologies at the present stage of centralization of laboratory research. Meditsinskiy alfavit, 2016, vol. 2, no. 13 (276), pp. 68-70 (in Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 26731276.
7. Shaytor V.M., Safronova A.I., Klitsenko O.A., Shaytor D.I., Belyaev A.I., Bruchikov K.V. The first experience of using streptotest at the prehospital stage and in the emergency department of a children’s hospital. Skoraya meditsinskaya pomoshch’, 2019, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 58–62 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24884/2072-6716-2019-20-4-58-62
8. Meskina E.R., Stashko T.V. How to reduce the antibacterial load in the treatment of acute tonsillitis and pharyngitis? Possible tactics and practical approaches. Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2020, vol. 85, no. 6, pp. 90–99 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.17116/otorino20208506190
9. Gashina E.A., Zhoydik S.N., Golovanova N.V. Features of the course of scarlet fever in children and the experience of using the method of express diagnostics streptotest. Vestnik SurGU. Meditsina, 2020, no. 4 (46), pp. 46–50 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.34822/2304-9448-2020-4-46-50
10. Shulman S.T., Bisno A.L., Clegg H.W., Gerber M.A., Kaplan E.L., Lee G., Martin J.M., Van Beneden C. IDSA Guideline for GAS Pharyngitis, Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis: 2012 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2012, vol. 3, rr. 1–17.
11. Pikuza O.I., Zakirova A.M., Moroz T.B. Clinical effectiveness of the screening approach to the differentiated prescription of antibiotic therapy for children with acute tonsillopharyngitis. Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal, 2020, vol. 101, no. 6, pp. 805–811 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.17816/KMJ2020-805
12. Kolesnikova L.I., Darenskaya M.A., Kolesnikov S.I. Free radical oxidation: a pathophysiologist’s view. Byulleten’ sibirskoy meditsiny, 2017, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 16–29 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.20538/1682-0363-2017-4-16–29
13. Zhou David R., Rawan Eid, Eric Boucher, Katie A. Miller. Stress is an agonist for the induction of programmed cell death: A review. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research, 2019, vol. 1866 (4), rr. 699–712. DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.12.001
14. Vitiello, G., Serpe L., Blazquez-Castro A. Editorial: The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Chemical and Biochemical Processes. Frontiers in Chemistry, 2021, vol. 9, rr. 1–3. DOI:10.3389/fchem.2021.642523
15. Naushirvanov O.R., Nigmatullin R.Kh., Kutuev Z.Z., Mirkhaydarov A.M. Free radical oxidation, immunological reactivity and their relationship in community-acquired pneumonia. Vestnik sovremennoy klinicheskoy meditsiny, 2020, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 28–32 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.20969/VSKM.2020.13(6).28-32
16. Vakhitov Kh.M., Pikuza O.I., Bulatov V.P., Oslopov V.N., Gaziev A.R., Vakhitova L.F. Membrannye i metabolicheskie mekhanizmy v patogeneze zabolevaniy organov dykhaniya u detey. 2-e izd., ispravl. i dop. [Membrane and metabolic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases in children. 2nd ed., Revised. and add.]. Kazan: ID MeDDok, 2018. 144 p., available at: http://e-lib.kazangmu.ru/files/bibl/DOC/249361.pdf
17. Pikuza O.I., Samorodnova E.A., Suleymanova Z.Ya. Clinical interpretation of parameters of chemiluminescence of peripheral blood neutrophils in bronchitis in children. Prakticheskaya meditsina, 2011, no. 5 (53), pp. 124–125 (in Russ.).
18. Izmaylova A.Kh. Experimental and clinical substantiation of the use of xymedon in the complex therapy of community-acquired pneumonia in school-age children. Vrach-aspirant, 2013, vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 260–264 (in Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 20842623.
19. Pikuza O.I., Fayzullina R.A., Zakirova A.M., Suleymanova Z.Ya., Rashitova E.L., Volyanyuk E.V. Bactericidal resources of oral neutrophils as a marker of the clinical course of inflammatory respiratory diseases in children. Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal, 2020, vol. 101, no. 5, pp. 740–748 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.17816/KMJ2020-740
20. Pikuza O.I., Fayzullina R.A., Zakirova A.M., Suleymanova Z.Ya., Pikuza A.V., Rashitova E.L. The relationship of the adhesiveness of buccal epithelial cells for Candida albicans with the characteristics of the digestive tract in children with recurrent respiratory diseases. Voprosy detskoy dietologii, 2020, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 40–45 (in Russ.). DOI:10.20953/1727-5784-2020-2-40-45.
21. Samoukina A.M., Alekseeva Yu.A., Antonova L.K., Gorshkova M.A., Makaeva N.V., Tofilo M.A. Viral component of the oral microbiota in children with different levels of health. Verkhnevolzhskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal, 2019, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 21–25 (in Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 38201315.