A.Z. SHARAFEEV¹, V.A. BAYAZITOVA², A.I. ALHAZUROV², A.F. HALIRAHMANOV²

¹Republic Clinical Hospital named after Sh.Sh. Ependiev, Grozny

²Kazan Federal University, Kazan

 Contact details:

Sharafeev A.Z. ― D. Sc. (medicine), Head of the Department of Cardiology, Endovascular and Cardiovascular Surgery

Address: 5 Khvoynaya Str., Grozny, Russian Federation, 364047, e-mail: aidarch@mail.ru

Relevance. Myocardial damage caused by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) consists of 2 main components: ischemia and reperfusion (ischemic-reperfusion injury). In clinical practice, endovascular reperfusion is actively used in the recent years to treat myocardial ischemia. Due of this, a significant reduction in mortality rates from MI was achieved. This led to a shift in emphasis from reducing mortality to reducing the consequences of MI ― development of chronic heart failure (CHF). The main factor determining the long-term prognosis of CHF and mortality is the size of the infarction and, consequently, the possibility of limiting the necrosis zone in AMI with ST elevation (STeMI), which is of great social and economic importance.

Objective ― to evaluate the main results in the sphere of medication cardioprotection of reperfusion injury in patients with AMI. Based on the analysis of the literature, to identify promising drugs for the control of reperfusion injuries.

Material and methods. We analyzed 128 literature sources in electronic databases (PubMed, Science Direct) from 1996 to 2016 according to the keywords: reperfusion injury, reperfusion injury treatment.

Results. An analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature over the past 20 years was carried out and the mechanisms of the occurrence of reperfusion injury and methods of combating it were studied in more detail. This review examines the past, present, and future of drug therapy for reperfusion injury.

Conclusions. After the successes achieved in the treatment of myocardial ischemic injuries, it is time to focus on reducing the consequences of reperfusion injury, but not all measures are efficient for this task. Therefore, the search for an effective cardioprotective agent is the next challenge in improving the prognosis in patients with AMI.

Key words: acute myocardial infarction, reperfusion injury, cardioprotection.

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