M.V. PAVLICHENKO¹, N.V. KOSOVTSOVA^{1, 2}, L.A. PESTRYAEVA¹, T.V. MARKOVA¹, YA.YU. POSPELOVA¹

 ¹Ural Scientific Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Yekaterinburg

²Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg

Contact details:

Pavlichenko M.V. — PhD (Medicine), Head of the Department of Children’s Neuro-rehabilitation, Leading Researcher

Address: 1 Repin St., 620028 Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, tel.: +7-922-202-04-08, е-mail: pavlichenko-mariya@mail.ru

Preterm infants are at high risk for developing hypoglycemia and its complications due to decreased glycogen and fat stores, reduced capacity to produce glucose through gluconeogenesis, increased metabolic demands, and inadequate counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia.

The purpose — to study glycemic indices in premature infants from monochorionic twins during the early neonatal adaptation.

Material and methods. The study was conducted at Research Institute of Obstetrics and Maternity Care from 01.01.2018 to 31.12.2024. The study included 1230 premature monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twins with the gestational age of 22/0–36/6 weeks.

Results. The assessment of the glycemia level in premature MCDA twins during the early neonatal adaptation showed the intrauterine influence of specific complications of monochorionic multiple pregnancy on hypoglycemia (p < 0.001) and symptomatic (p < 0.001) hypoglycemia in MCDA twins with a complicated antenatal period compared to an uncomplicated course: in 342 (66.3%) newborns compared to 396 (55.5%) patients and in 270 (78.9%) twins compared to 106 (29.8%) newborns, respectively.

Conclusion. Careful monitoring, early detection and treatment of hypoglycemia in premature infants from MCDA twins during the early neonatal adaptation is extremely important for preventing complications.

Key words: monochorionic twins, early neonatal adaptation period, neonatal hypoglycemia, specific complications of monochorionic multiple pregnancy.

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