T.N. KHALFINA¹, G.I. NURULLINA¹, O.YU. FARKHUTDINOVA², G.M. ISLAMOVA²

¹Kazan State Medical University, Kazan,

²Republic Clinical Hospital, Kazan, Russian Federation

Contact details:

Khalfina T.N. — PhD (medicine), Assistant Lecturer of the Department of Hospital Therapy

Address: 49 Butlerov St., Kazan, Russian Federation, 420012, tel.: +7-919-685-32-95, e-mail: tamila_khalfina@mail.ru

Nutrition management for patients with nephrological diseases has always been the main part of the therapeutic approach. Despite a fairly high interest to this problem, there are still many questions about diet recommendations to patients with glomerulonephritis depending on the morphological form, clinical manifestations and activity of the disease. This review examines the current system of standard diets for certain nephrological diseases and conditions and provides a detailed description of high-protein and low-protein diets used for kidney diseases. The article presents the results of a number of clinical studies on the effect of exclusionary diets on the clinical manifestations and course of the disease in patients with nephrotic syndrome and immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy. Some pathogenetic mechanisms of IgA nephropathy are considered with the description of the role of mucosal immunity in the development of renal structures damages.

Key words: glomerulonephritis, diet, nephrotic syndrome and IgA nephropathy.