M.V. SOLOMATINA¹, V.G. LIKHVANTSEVA², A.V. KOLESNIKOV¹

¹Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semashko, 3 Semashko Str., Ryazan, Russian Federation, 390005

²Institute of Advanced Training of Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, 91 Volokolamskoye shosse, Moscow, Russian Federation, 125371

 Solomatina M.V. ― Cand. Med. Sc., ophthalmologist of the 2^nd Ophthalmology Department, tel. +7-910-568-83-79, e-mail: maria.vikto@gmail.com

Likhvantseva V.G. ― D. Med. Sc., Professor of the Department of Ophthalmology, tel. +7-916-659-41-56, e-mail: likhvantseva-4@yandex.ru

Kolesnikov A.V. ― Cand. Med. Sc., Head of the 2^nd Ophthalmology Department, tel. +7-905-186-41-14, e-mail: kolldoc@mail.ru

The article summarizes the available information on immune mechanisms in glaucoma. The mechanisms of the immune privilege of the eye are covered in detail. The mechanisms of self-tolerance in the eye are described. There is a detailed description of pathogenic aspects of autoimmune reactions in glaucomatous optic neuropathy. The evolution of scientific studies on autoimmune reactions in glaucoma with a detailed analysis of existing concepts, theories covered by various researchers is described. The scientific support for the value of the aberrant activity of the immune system in glaucoma patients is provided. The up-to-date concepts of the pathogenic role of autoantibodies are given and classified, new features of autoantibodies explaining the development of glaucomatous optic neuropathy, including the conditions of normal IOP are given. The study introduces the signs of pathogenic autoantibodies, which suggest the contribution of the latter to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.

Key words: autoimmunity, glaucoma, autoantibodies, antigens.

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