M.A.J. AL-LAMI^1, 2, A.L. EMELIN^1, 2, I.F. AKHTYAMOV^1, 2, I.Sh. GILMUTDINOV^1, 2, A.M. ABDULLAH^1, 2

¹Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

²Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Republic of Tatarstan

 Contact details:

Al-Lami M.A.J. — Postgraduate Student, Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Surgery of Extreme States

Address: 49 Butlerova St., Kazan, Russian Federation, 420012, tel.: +7-960-045-04-82, e-mail: Ms19882002@yahoo.com

This review contains modern ideas about such disease as ankylosing spondylitis (AS). As relates to the autoimmune diseases affecting the axial skeleton. Despite the allele HLA-B27, some other human genes which control different processes of immune homeostasis are considered connected with the manifestation of AS in different human populations. The goal is to analyze pathogenic, clinical and epidemiologic features of the disease and also problems of diagnostics and treatment.

Materials and methods. The article contains review of foreign literature data on ankylosing spondylitis.

Results. The patients with AS can’t work fully and soon lose working ability and all this reads to the decrease of life quality. Prophylaxis problem of this disease is that pathogeny of AS is poorly studied. However, immune-mediated mechanisms including human leykocytic antigen HLA-B27, inflammatory infiltrating cells, cytokines (for example, factor of tumor necrosis α and interleukin 10), genetic factors and environmental factors, as supposed, plays a key role. X-ray radiography, magnetic resonance imaging or computer tomography help in early diagnostic of AS, when there are clinical manifestations. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs effectively remove inflammatory symptoms and nowadays they are the drugs of the first line. However, treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has only symptomatic effect and doesn’t change course of disease.

Conclusion. Success in the treatment of patients with ankylosing spondylitis is timely diagnostic in case of early manifestations of the first clinical syndromes, proper and strictly individual approach to the choice of treatment and timely hospitalization of patients. The biological therapy developed at present time is directed to the inflammatory processes in the base of AS can help in control of this disease.

Key words: ankylosing spondylitis, spondyloarthropathy, Bekhterev’s disease, Reiter’s syndrome, HLA-B27.

(For citation: Al-Lami M.A.J., Emelin A.L., Akhtyamov I.F., Gilmutdinov I.Sh., Abdullah A.M. Historical essays on the diagnosis and treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. Practical Medicine. 2019. Vol. 17, № 6 (part 2), P. 10-16)

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