G.SH. MANSUROVA¹, S.V. MALTSEV², I.V. RYABCHIKOV¹

¹Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan

² Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of  RMACPE MH Russia, Kazan

Contact details:

Mansurova G.Sh. – Ph. D (medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Emergency Medical Aid and Simulation Medicine

Address: 74 Karl Marx St., Kazan, Russian Federation, 420012, tel.: +7-917-390-79-20, e-mail: gsm98@mail.ru

The purpose of the study is to identify risk factors and their negative impact on the musculoskeletal system of a growing organism in modern conditions.

Material and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Center for Outpatient Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tajikistan for the last 5 years (2014–2018). Proprietary data analysis of the structure and frequency of the pathology of the musculoskeletal system in children of school age presented.

Results. Data on the structure and frequency of the pathology of the musculoskeletal system in children of school age, 190 834 children, including children with orthopedic pathology, amounted to 45 059 people. The most frequent orthopedic diseases such as scoliosis, varus and valgus deformities of the lower limbs, flat foot, osteochondropathy and deformities of the musculoskeletal system were encountered. The main causes of the formation of the pathology of the musculoskeletal system and adverse risk factors that have a negative impact are described. The article presents the main pathogenetic mechanisms of impaired bone mineral density and the development of osteoporosis in school-age children. The effect on the musculoskeletal system of the schoolchild’s alimentary status, macro-and micronutrient deficiencies, physical inactivity, hormonal effects and sexual development, increased physical activity among junior athletes, and the formation of the «female athlete triad» are shown.

Conclusion. Modern schoolchildren have a significant deterioration in the state of the musculoskeletal system, which causes multifaceted negative consequences, if they are not detected timely and measures are not taken to eliminate them.

Key words: schoolchildren, pathology of the musculoskeletal system, osteoporosis, causes of formation.

(For citation: Mansurova G.Sh., Maltsev S.V., Ryabchikov I.V. Features of formation of the musculoskeletal system in schoolchildren: diseases, causes and possible ways of correction. Practical Medicine. 2019, Vol. 17, № 5, P. 51-55)

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