A.SH. FAKHRUTDINOVA, A.V. SINEGLAZOVA

 Kazan State Medical University, Kazan

 Contact details:

Fakhrutdinova A.Sh. — Assistant Lecturer of the Department of Primary Care and General Practice

Address: 49 Butlerov St., 420012 Kazan, Russian Federation, tel.: +7-987-230-46-70, e-mail: aliyazak@mail.ru

 The purpose to evaluate the trend of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) according to Cardiometabolic Disease Staging (CMDS) in young adults.

Material and methods. We performed a prospective observational study of 101 participants (M = 49 / W = 52) aged 33 [28.7–38] years, without cardiometabolic diseases, over 18.6 [17.4–20.1] months in Kazan. Participants were grouped into CMDS0 (metabolically healthy), CMDS1 (1–2 CMRF without prediabetes), CMDS2 (≥ 3 CMRF or prediabetes), and CMDS3 (≥ 3 CMRF and prediabetes). Data were processed using SPSS Statistics 26.

Results. At 18 months, we observed an increase in CMR in 29.7%, and a decrease in 21.8% cases. Risk progression from CMDS0 to CMDS1 was due to elevated occurrence of: systolic blood pressure (BP), abdominal obesity (AO), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Progression of CMDS0 to CMDS2 and CMDS1 to CMDS3 occurred due to onset of prediabetes. The elevation from CMDS1 to CMDS2 was primarily attributed to the onset of prediabetes, with AO and hypertriglyceridemia rarely contributing. Progression from CMDS2 to CMDS3 was associated with the increased frequency of prediabetes combined with AO, hypertriglyceridemia, and lower HDL-C. The risk reduction from CMDS1 to CMDS0 was due to decreased prevalence of elevated BP and dyslipidaemia, while reduction from CMDS2 to CMDS0 was due to lower prediabetes prevalence. The decrease from CMDS2 to CMDS1 resulted from a combination of aforementioned factors.

Conclusions. 18-month observation of young patients revealed a parallel increase in CMDS and incidence of AO, prediabetes, and insulin resistance. CMDS progression was often due to prediabetes and AO, while reduction was attributed to normalization of BP, carbohydrate metabolism, and lipid profile.

Key words: Cardiometabolic Disease Staging (CMDS), cardiometabolic risk factors, young adults, prediabetes.

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