T.N. YUREVA¹, V.V. SHPRAKH², A.A. ZAYKA³

 ¹ Irkutsk Branch of Federal State Autonomous Institution Interbranch scientific and technical complex «Eye Microsurgery» named after Acad. S.N. Fedorov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 337 Lermontova Str., Irkutsk, Russian Federation, 664033

² Irkutsk State Medical Academy – Branch of Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 100 Yubileyny microdistrict, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, 664049

³ Hospitals of Irkutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 283V, Lermontov Str., Irkutsk, Russian Federation, 664 033

  Yureva T.N. — D. Sc. (medicine), Professor of the Department of Ophthalmology, tel.  (3952) 56-41-39, e-mail: tnyurieva@mail.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0547-7521

Shprakh V.V. — D. Sc. (medicine), Professor of the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, tel. (3952) 46-53-26, irkmapo@irk.ru

Zayka A.A. — Neurologist, zaika.aa@mail.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4668-8416

To present a review of the literature over the past decade devoted to the problem of cerebral ischemia and chronic ischemic optic neuropathy.

Material and methods. Analysis of 31 articles devoted to this problem and published in domestic journals.

Results. Modern etiology and pathogenetic aspects of chronic vascular pathology are considered, the available methods of diagnosis and treatment, development prospects are presented. The similarity of such anatomical, physiological, metabolic and biochemical risk factors of all cardiovascular diseases, such as dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and a number of other nosological forms that implement their action through a single unified pathological process – endothelial dysfunction, was traced. As a result, a multi-vascular lesion occurs with involvement of an organ or tissue. As a rule, the initial syndromes of cerebrovascular pathology are the syndromes of the defeat of small-caliber arteries, and clinically, first of all – the arteries of the visual organ. The following clinical syndromes of progressive vascular pathology are syndromes of coronary arteries, and then cerebral. Chronic cerebral ischemia and ischemic optic neuropathy are two diseases in which there is a parallel vascular lesion caused by a single pathological process; however, the severity of changes in the organ of vision and the brain, as well as their mutual influence on the course and progression of pathology is not fully understood.

The conclusion. Effectiveness of diagnosing subclinical and clinically pronounced forms of vascular pathology of the fundus in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia is quite low, which leads to the late prescription of conservative therapy and further progression of cerebrovascular pathology. In this area, it is necessary to conduct further research, develop early methods of examination and conduct pathogenetically substantiated complex treatment.

Key words: chronic cerebral ischemia, chronic ischemic optic neuropathy, antioxidant, neuroprotectants.

(For citation: Yureva T.N., Shprakh V.V., Zayka A.A. Chronic cerebral ischemia and chronic ischemic optic neuropathy – mutually aggravating pathology or independent disease. Practical Medicine. 2018)

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