A.I. FAZUL’ZYANOVA¹, S.V. TKACHEVA¹, A.S. SAGITOVA¹, O.A. RAKHMANOVA²

 ¹Kazan State Medical University, Kazan

²Republican Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital named after Professor A.F. Agafonov, Kazan

 Contact details:

Fazulzyanova A.I, Ph. D. (medicine), Associate Professor of the epartment of Infectious Diseases

Address: 49 Butlerov St., Russian Federation, Kazan, 420012, tel.: +7-917-877-34-67, e-mail: al-faz@mail.ru

The purpose — to study the antibiotic resistance of salmonellosis and shigellosis pathogens at the present stage.

Material and methods. 8622 microbiological studies of feces were conducted in patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of acute intestinal infection in the Republican Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital named after Professor A.F. Agafonov. The positive results of a microbiological study of 389 cultures were analyzed: Salmonella (348) and Shigella (41).

Results. The predominant strain among Salmonella is Salmonella gr. D (S. gr. D) — 299 isolates (85,9%), of which S. enteritidis v. jena — 298. The predominant strain among Shigella is S. sonnei, II — 36 isolates (87,8%); less common were S. flexneri, II — 5 isolates (12,2%).

Salmonella was most resistant to nitrofurantoin (84,08%) and to the group of fluoroquinolones (50,6%). Shigella showed the highest resistance to sulfonamides (biseptol) — 96,55%, resistance to the fluoroquinolone group was 53,57%.

Conclusions. At the present stage, S. enteritidisvjena and S. typhimurium dominate in the etiological structure of salmonellosis, and S. sonnei dominates in shigellosis. A high antibiotic resistance of pathogens of salmonellosis (50,6%) and shigellosis (53,57%) to the group of fluoroquinolones was revealed. Due to the identified trend, it is recommended to take into account the increasing resistance of salmonella and shigella to fluoroquinolones when prescribing antibacterial therapy.

Key words: antibiotic resistance, treatment, salmonellosis, shigellosis.

REFERENCES

1. O sostoyanii sanitarno-epidemiologicheskogo blagopoluchiya naseleniya v Rossiyskoy Federatsii v 2018 g.: gosudarstvennyy doklad [On the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in the Russian Federation in 2018: state report]. Moscow: Federal’naya sluzhba po nadzoru v sfere zashchity prav potrebiteley i blagopoluchiya cheloveka, 2019. 254p.
2. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii (protokol vedeniya bol’nykh) «Sal’monellez u vzroslykh», 2015 g. [Clinical guidelines (patient management protocol) «Salmonellosis in adults», 2015], available at: http://nnoi.ru/uploads/files/Salmonelles.pdf (accessed on: 11.06.2020).
3. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii (protokol lecheniya) «Shigellez u vzroslykh», 2014 g. [Clinical recommendations (treatment protocol) «Shigellosis in adults», 2014], available at: http://nnoi.ru/uploads/files/kr_shigellez.pdf (accessed on: 11.06.2020).
4. Bor’ba s ustoychivost’yu k antibiotikam s pozitsiy bezopasnosti pishchevykh produktov v Evrope [Fighting antibiotic resistance from a food safety perspective in Europe]. Vsemirnaya organizatsiya zdravookhraneniya, available at: https://www.euro.who.int/ru/publications/abstracts/tackling-antibiotic-resistance-from-a-food-safety-perspective-in-europe (accessed on: 11.06.2020).
5. Karen L. Tang, Niamh P. Caffrey, Diego B. Nóbrega, Susan C. Cork, Paul E. Ronksley, Herman W. Barkema, Alicia J. Polachek, Heather Ganshorn, Nishan Sharma, James D. Kellner, William A. Ghali. Restricting the use of antibiotics in food-producing animals and its associations with antibiotic resistance in food-producing animals and human beings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Planet Health, 2017, vol. 1, pp. e316–327.
6. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE THREATS IN THE UNITED STATES, 2013, available at: https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/pdf/ar-threats-2013-508.pdf (accessed on: 13.06.2020).
7. Ivanov A.S. Modern concepts of antibiotic resistance and antibacterial therapy of salmonellosis. Klinicheskaya mikrobiologiya i antimikrobnaya khimioterapiya, 2009, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 305–322 (in Russ.).
8. Spisok VOZ prioritetnykh vozbuditeley zabolevaniy dlya NIOKR v oblasti sozdaniya novykh antibiotikov [WHO list of priority pathogens for R&D in the field of new antibiotics]. Vsemirnaya organizatsiya zdravookhraneniya, available at: https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/detail/27-02-2017-who-publishes-list-of-bacteria-for-which-new-antibiotics-are-urgently-needed (accessed on: 11.06.2020).