A.S. SAMOYLOV¹, A.V. ZHOLINSKIY², A.E. SHESTOPALOV², N.V. RYLOVA¹, M.S. KLYUCHNIKOV¹, S.E. NAZARYAN¹, V.S. FESHCHENKO², M.G. OGANNISYAN², A.A. NOVIKOVA¹

 ¹State Scientific Center Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan, Moscow

²Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation of the FMBA of Russia, Moscow

Contact details:

Rylova N.V. — MD, Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Sports Threpsology

Address: 46 Zhivopisnaya St., Russian Federation, Moscow, 420012, tel.: +7-917-397-33-93, e-mail: [email protected]

Recently, in high-performance sports, there has been a significant increase in the volume and intensity of training loads, an increase in the duration of the competition period and its intensity, significant psychoemotional loads that affect the health status and quality of life of professional athletes, determine the incidence rate and a higher risk of injury in highly qualified athletes. Trauma and disease are considered as a polyetiological variant of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, associated with the formation of «pathological» systems and their further dynamic change. One of the most striking manifestations of the systemic inflammatory reaction syndrome is pronounced metabolic disorders with a shift in metabolic processes towards hypermetabolism-hypercatabolism. The catabolic type of metabolic processes is characterized by the development of a pronounced protein-energy deficiency, a violation of nutrition and the inability to provide the body with the necessary nutrients in a natural way.

Key words: athletes, injuries, metabolic response, nutritional status.

REFERENCES

1. Rukovodstvo po sportivnoy meditsine, pod red. Margazina V.A. [Guide to Sports Medicine, ed. Margazin V.A.]. Saint Petersburg: SpetsLit, 2012. 487 p.
2. Alymkulov D.A., Saralinova G.M., Kalyuzhnaya O.A., Alymkulov R.D. Vrachebnyy kontrol’ i osnovy lechebnoy fizkul’tury: uchebnoe posobie [Medical control and the basics of physiotherapy exercises: a tutorial]. Bishkek: KRSU, 2012. 96 p.
3. Bashkirova V.F. Profilaktika travm u sportsmenov [Prevention of injuries in athletes]. Moscow, 1987.
4. Dubrovskiy V.I. Lechebnaya fizicheskaya kul’tura i vrachebnyy kontrol’: uchebnik [Therapeutic physical culture and medical control: textbook]. Moscow: OOO MIA, 2006. 598 p.
5. Smolenskiy A.V. Sportivnaya meditsina: kurs lektsiy [Sports medicine: a course of lectures]. Moscow: «Fizicheskaya kul’tura», 2011. 280 p.
6. Makarova G.A. Pharmacological support of sports activity: real efficiency and controversial issues. Sovetskiy Sport, 2013, 231 p. (in Russ.).
7. Bozzetti Federico. Symposium 3: Nutrition is the cutting edge in surgery: perioperative feeding Perioperative nutritional management. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 2011, vol. 70, pp. 305–310. DOI:10.1017/S0029665111000486
8. Mamerow M.M., Mettler J.A., English K.L., Casperson S.L., Arentson-Lantz E., Sheffield-Moore. Dietary protein distribution positively influences 24-h muscle protein synthesis in healthy adults. Journal of Nutrition, 2014, vol. 144 (6), pp. 876–880. DOI: 8. 10.3945/jn.113.185280
9. Ostapishin V.D., Kargaev V.A. The principles of nutritional therapy for a medical rehabilitation program. Sovremennye voprosy biomeditsiny, 2018, vol. 2, no.1, 2018, pp. 135–143 (in Russ.).
10. Grant J. Updating recommendations for rehabilitation After ACL reconstruction: A review. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 2013, vol. 23, pp. 501–502. DOI: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000044
11. Hamer H., Wall B., Kiskini A., de Lange A., Groen B., Bakker J., van Loon L.J.C. Carbohydrate coingestion with protein does not further augment post-prandial Muscle protein accretion in older men. Nutrition and Metabolism, 2013, vol. 10 (1), pp. 10–15.
12. Smolenskiy A.V. Kratkiy kurs lektsiy po sportivnoy meditsine [A short course of lectures on sports medicine]. Moscow: Fizicheskaya kul’tura, 2005. 192 p.
13. Lechebnoe pitanie: sovremennye podkhody k standartizatsii dietoterapii, pod red. V.A. Tutel’yana, M.M. Gaparova, B.S. Kaganova, Kh.Kh. Sharafetdinova [Nutritional therapy: modern approaches to the standardization of diet therapy, ed. V.A. Tutelyan, M.M. Gaparov, B.S. Kaganov, Kh.Kh. Sharafetdinov]. Moscow: Dinastiya, 2010. 299 p.
14. Benjamin T. Wall, James P. Morton, Luc J.C. Van Loon. Strategies to maintain skeletal muscle mass in the injured athlete: Nutritional considerations and exercise mimetics. European Journal of Sport Science, 2014, vol. 15 (1), pp. 1–10. DOI: 14.10.1080/17461391.2014.936326
15. Trushina E.N. et al. Immunity disorder in professional athletes and nutritional rehabilitation. Voprosy pitaniya, 2012, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 73–80 (in Russ.).
16. Volkov N.I., Oleynikov V.I. Ergogennye effekty sportivnogo pitaniya [Ergogenic effects of sports nutrition]. Sovetskiy Sport. Moscow, 2012. 99 p.
17. Azizbekyan G.A., Abramova M.A., Zilova I.S., Gapparova K.M., Pozdnyakov A.L. Nikityuk D.B. Biomedical approach to the development of the diet of athletes – members of the Russian women’s weightlifting team. Voprosy pitaniya, 2012, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 68–72 (in Russ.).
18. Himmat Dhillon, Sidak Dhilllon, Mandeep S. Dhillon. Current Concepts in Sports Injury Rehabilitation. Indian J Orthop, 2017, Sep-Oct, vol. 51 (5), pp. 529–536.
19. Sokolov A.I et al. Body composition and energy exchange at rest; FSBI «Research Institute of Nutrition» of RAMS (Moscow), Research Institute of Hygiene and Occupational Pathology of Rospotrebnadzor (Nizhny Novgorod). Voprosy pitaniya, 2012, vol. 81, no. 2, p. 25 (in Russ.).
20. Sportivnaya Meditsina: natsional’noe rukovodstvo, gl. red. S.P. Mironov, B.A. Polyaev, G.A. Makarova [Sports Medicine: national guidelines, chief ed. S.P. Mironov, B.A. Polyaev, G.A. Makarova]. Moscow: «GEOTAR-Media», 2013. 1182 p.