V.N. DIOMIDOVA¹, A.N. DMITRIEVA^{1, 2}

 ¹Chivash State University named after I. N. Ulyanov, Cheboksary

²Republic Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Cheboksary

 Contact details:

Diomidova V.N. — MD, Head of the Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases with a course in radiation diagnostics

Address: 15 Moskovskiy prospekt, Russian Federation, Cheboksary, 428015, tel.: +7 (8352) 45-26-97, e-mail: diomidovavn@rambler.ru

 Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a malignant mesenchymal tumor originating from Cajal interstitial cells. It was distinguished as an independent nosological unit in the system of international classification of tumors only in 2000. The GIST prevalence is 11–14,5 per 100 thousand people. It is most often localized in the stomach, accounting for about 1% of all primary tumors of the stomach.

The purpose to study the incidence and character gastral lesions in the structure of GIST pathology in the Chuvash Republic (CR), to study the informative value of CT in the detection of gastric GIST.

Material and methods. An analysis of examination of patients with stromal tumors of the stomach according to the 2015–2018 materials of Republic Clinical Oncology Dispensary of the Ministry of Healthcare of Chuvash Republic.

Results. The main clinical manifestations of gastric GIST are considered. The characteristic CT signs of gastric GIST, including those depending on the size of the primary tumor, are presented.

Conclusions. At the preoperative stage, CT showed high levels of specificity (94,7%), sensitivity (97,2%), and accuracy (96,2%) in the detection of gastric GIST due to the presence of characteristic CT symptoms. At the preoperative stage, CT allows determining the organ belonging of the tumor, identifying the connection of the tumor to the stomach wall, assessing the prevalence of the process, the nature of growth, the presence of complications and distant metastases. CT allows surgeons to choose the optimal stage of surgical treatment, to avoid unnecessary lymph node dissections and volumous surgery.

Key words: gastrointestinal stromal tumors, multispiral computed tomography, stomach.

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