Activity of tumor necrosis factor-α in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
А.А. CHERNYAEVA, N.А. KRAVCHUN
V. Danilevsky Institute of Endocrine Pathology Problems of National Academy of Medical sciences of the Ukraine, 10 Artema St., Kharkov, the Ukraine 61002
Chernyaeva A.A. — junior research associate of the Department of pharmacotherapy of endocrine diseases, tel. +38057-315-11-88, e-mail: annakholodnaja@mail.ru¹
Kravchun N.A. — D. med. Sc., Professor, Deputy Director for Science, Head of the Department of pharmacotherapy of endocrine diseases, tel. +38057-315-44-56, e-mail: kravchunna@mail.ru1
This article is concerned with the study of the activity of multifunctional cytokine as a tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The leading role of this cytokine in the development of insulin resistance and one component of the metabolic syndrome – NAFLD — was confirmed.It was educed that the change of TNF-α is dependent on arterial pressure levels and the age of patients. The relationship of TNF-α with the biochemical activity of the inflammatory process in liver was proved. It was found that increased activity of tumor necrosis factor-α is accompanied by an increase of IL-6.
Key words: type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, tumor necrosis factor-α.
REFERENCES
1. Ametov A.S. Sakharnyy diabet 2-go tipa. Problemy i resheniya [Diabetes mellitus type 2. Problems and solutions]. Moscow, GEOTAR-MediaPubl., 2011. 704 p.
2. Balabolkin M.I., Klebanova E.M., Kreminskaya V.M. Differentsial’naya diagnostika i lechenie endokrinnykh zabolevaniy [Differential diagnostics and treatment of endocrine diseases]. Moscow, Medical Information Agency Publ., 2008, p. 345.
3. Bueverov A.O. Bogomolov P.O., Maevskaya M.V. Pathogenetic treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Justification, efficacy, safety. Terapevticheskiy arkhiv, 2007, vol. 79, no. 8, pp. 88-92. (in Russ.).
4. Geyvandova N.I., Belova N.G., Aleksandrovich G.A. Serum cytokines in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and their relationship with the evidence of the morphological changes. Meditsinskiy vestnik Severnogo Kavkaza, 2011, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 9-12. (in Russ.).
5. Zilov A.V. The liver in the metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance: A view of the endocrinologist. Klinicheskie perspektivy gastroenterologii, gepatologii, 2005, no. 5, pp. 14-18. (in Russ.).
6. Ivashkin V.T., Drapkina O.M., Shul’pekova Yu.O. Diagnostika i lechenie nealkogol’noy zhirovoy bolezni pecheni [Diagnosis and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease]. Moscow, M-Vesti Publ., 2009. 20 p.
7. Kovaleva O.N. Correction of cytokine aggression in cardiovascular failure: Theoretical background and practical skills. Sertseva nedostatnіst’, 2011, no. 2, pp. 93-100. (in Russ.).
8. Komshilova K.A., Troshina E.A., Butrova S.A.. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Ozhirenie i metabolism, 2011, no. 3, pp. 3-11. (in Russ.).
9. Mammaev S.N., Bagomedova N.V., Bogomolov P.O., Mazhidov A.I., Abakarova G.G., Khalimova Z.A. Cytokine system in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Rossiyskiy zhurnal gastroenterologii, gepatologii, koloproktologii, 2007, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 35-39. (in Russ.).
10. Roytberg G.E., ed. Metabolicheskiy sindrom [Metabolic syndrome]. Moscow, MEDpress-inform Publ., 2007. 223 p.
11. Alberti K.G.M.M., Zimmet P., Shaw J. Metabolic syndrome – a new world-wide definition. A consensus statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabetic Medicine, 2006, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 469-480. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01858.x.
12. Browning J.D., Horton J.D. Molecular mediators of hepatic steatosis and liver injury. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2004, vol. 114, no. 2, pp. 147-152. DOI: 10.1172/JCI200422422.
13. Hui J.M., Hodge A., Farrell G.C., et al. Beyond insulin resistance in NASH: TNF-alpha or adiponectin? Hepatology, 2004, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 46-54. DOI: 10.1002/hep.20280.
14. Marchesini G., Brizi M., Morselli-Labate A.M., et al. Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with insulin resistance. American Journal of Medicine, 1999, vol. 107, no. 5, pp. 450-455. DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)00271-5.
15. Milner K.-L., van der Poorten D., Xu A., et al. Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein levels relate to inflammation and fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology, 2009, vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 1926-1934. DOI: 10.1002/hep.22896.
16. Musso G., Gambino R., Cassader M. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease from pathogenesis to management: An update. Obesity Reviews, 2010, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 430-445. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2009.00657.x
17. Stefan N., Kantartzis K., Häring H.-U. Causes and metabolic consequences of fatty liver. Endocrine Reviews, 2008, vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 939-960. DOI: 10.1210/er.2008-0009.
18. Targher G. Non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis and its relation to increased plasma biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in non-diabetic men. Role of visceral adipose tissue. Diabetic Medicine, 2005, vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 1354-1358. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01646.x.
19. Torer N., Ozenirler S., Yucel A., Bukan N., Erdem O. Importance of cytokines, oxidative stress and expression of BCL-2 in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2007, vol. 42, no. 9, pp. 1095-1101. DOI: 10.1080/00365520701286680.
20. Utzschneider K.M., Kahn S.E. Review: The role of insulin resistance in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2006, vol. 91, no. 12, pp. 4753-4761. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-0587.